中国公共卫生

目的了解三级甲等医院护士成就动机与职业倦怠的关系及影响因素。方法采用自行设计的人口特征及工作情况问卷、成就动机量表和Maslach工作倦怠量表对山东6所三级甲等医院的427名护士进行问卷调查。结果护士追求成功的动机为(38.69±6.16)分,避免失败的动机为(39.48±6.78)分;职业倦怠的平均标准分为(36.36±19.88)分,其中情绪衰竭维度(16.40±8.31)分,个人成就感维度(13.73±9.87)分,去人格化维度(6.23±5.87)分;追求成功与职业倦怠呈负相关(r=-0.618,P<0.05;),避免失败与职业倦怠呈正相关(r=0.319,P<0.05);职业倦怠的严重程度还与子女状况、婚姻状况等人口学变量有关(P<0.05)。结论护士成就动机的大小影响职业倦怠程度,避免失败动机越大,职业倦怠越严重,成就动机越小,职业倦怠越严重。

Objective To examine achievement motivation and job burnout and their influencing factors among nurses in grade A tertiary hospitals. Methods Totally 427 nurses were recruited form 6 grade A tertiary hospitals in Shandong province and surveyed with Achievement Motivation Scale( AMS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey( MBI). Results The mean AMS score of the nurses was- 0. 80 ± 10. 26 and the score was 38. 69 ± 6. 16 for target success( TS) and 39. 48 ± 6. 78 for target failure( TF). The mean score of job burnout of the nurses was 36. 36 ± 19. 88,with the scores of 16. 40 ± 8. 31 for emotional exhaustion,6. 23 ± 5. 87 for depersonalization,and 13. 73 ± 9. 87 for inefficacy.Among the nurses,the job burnout correlated inversely to TS( r =- 0. 618,P < 0. 05) and positively to TF( r = 0. 319,P < 0. 05) and the severity of job burnout had relation with the status of children and marital status( all P < 0. 05). Conclusion Achievement motivation has an impact on job burnout and TS correlates inversely with job burnout but TF positively relates to job burnout.